1 08/06/84 Artwork constructs in compose.
2
3 This file provides explanations and short examples of the artwork
4 constructs available within compose. Artwork of a more general nature
5 than discussed here must be constructed with the Multics Graphics
6 System MGS.
7
8 In the following sections, dollar signs $ represent the ASCII
9 backspace character octal value 010 to indicate that the characters
10 adjoining are overstruck, that is, are in the same column e.g.
11 "X$X".
12
13
14 A user can insert certain conventional overstruck character patterns
15 into an input file and have them displayed as fabricated symbols and
16 line art diagrams. The detection and expansion of the artwork
17 constructs is controlled with the block-begin-art and block-end-art
18 formatting controls see Wordpro Reference Manual AZ98. All examples
19 are shown as they appear on an ASCII, type 11, terminal overstriking
20 of characters is inappropriate for video terminals.
21
22 Use of the word "rule" below means a typographic rule, that is, a line
23 of given length, thickness, and orientation.
24
25
26 Artwork conventions:
27 Members of the line art set are syntactically significant if overstruck
28 with another character from the set, whereas members of the math symbol
29 set are syntactically significant if they are overstruck with a valid
30 size character described below. The characters in a construct may be
31 given in any order.
32
33 Line Math
34 Art Symbol Meaning
35
36 - element of a horizontal rule
37 | | element of a vertical rule or a vertical bar, depending
38 on overstrike pattern
39 / / element of a +45 degree slant rule or a division sign,
40 depending on overstrike pattern
41
42
43 \ element of a -45 degree slant rule
44 left semicircle or left parenthesis depending on
45 overstrike pattern
46 right semicircle or right parenthesis, depending on
47 overstrike pattern
48 ^ ^ up arrow, diamond top vertex, or upward movement,
49 depending on overstrike pattern
50 v v down arrow, diamond bottom vertex, or downward move-
51 ment, depending on overstrike pattern
52 < < left arrow, diamond left vertex, or leftward movement,
53 depending on overstrike pattern
54 > > right arrow, diamond right vertex, or rightward move-
55 ment, depending on overstrike pattern
56 left bracket
57 right bracket
58
59
60 left brace
61 right brace
62 X multiplication sign 1-high math symbol only
63 ~ vertical or slant rule terminator
64 * * horizontal rule terminator or text deletion symbol,
65 depending on overstrike pattern
66 " ' replicator character showing overstrike but having no
67 pictorial meaning
68 H h half-line control, up or down, depending on overstrike
69 pattern
70 S s superscript/subscript control, depending on overstrike
71 pattern
72 = double vertical bar concatenate symbol
73 c text modification change bar 1-high math symbol only
74 o bullet 1-high math symbol only
75
76
77 If any of the characters in the math symbol set is overstruck with a
78 numeric or alphabetic character it is considered a math symbol and the
79 overstrike character is interpreted as the symbol size.
80
81 1-0 1 through 10
82 a-z 11 through 36
83 A-Z 31 through 56
84
85
86 Boxes:
87 Rectangular boxes are constructed by defining their four corners with
88 the following four symbols.
89
90 -$| upper left corner
91 *$| upper right corner
92 -$~ lower left corner
93 *$~ lower right corner
94
95 The box corners are placed at the BOTTOM and LEFT EDGE of the symbols.
96 The minimum box is one column wide and one line high.
97
98 Source -^H|*^H|
99 -^H~*^H~ Minimum box
100
101
102 ^?^?^?^?Result __
103 _^H|_^H| Minimum box
104
105 The maximum box is limited only by the current line length and page
106 length for the document. For example,
107
108 Source -^H| *^H|
109
110 Larger box with enclosed text.
111 -^H~ *^H~
112
113 ^?^?^?^?Result __________________________________
114 ^?^?^?^? | |
115 ^?^?^?^? | Larger box with enclosed text. |
116 _^H|_________________________________^H|
117
118
119 If interior lines are needed, be sure to remember that vertical lines
120 start at the TOP of the symbol and end at the BOTTOM of the symbol; and
121 that horizontal lines start and stop at the LEFT EDGE of the symbols.
122 Note the difference from horizontal lines EXTERIOR to boxes. For
123 example,
124
125 Source -^H| *^H|
126 "^H-1"^H|2*^H-
127 -^H~3|^H~4*^H~
128
129 ^?^?^?^?Result _____
130 _^H|_^H1_^H_^H|_^H2_^H|
131 _^H|_^H3_^H_^H|_^H4_^H|
132
133
134 Superscripts and subscripts:
135 Superscripts and subscripts are created by placing the letter "s"
136 either uppercase or lowercase and one of the two vertical motion
137 characters at the point where the baseline change is to occur.
138 Alternatively, "S" for superscript or "s" for subscript and a
139 replicator character may be used. When using superscripts and
140 subscripts, the user must remember to return to the normal text
141 baseline. For example, the chemical symbol for water could be given
142 as,
143
144 Hs$v2^$s0
145
146 The baseline offset for superscripts and subscripts is one third of the
147 current linespace value but the feature is effective only for those
148 devices capable of fractional linespacing. The constructs are,
149
150
151 S$^ superscript
152 s$^ superscript
153 S$" superscript
154 S$' superscript
155 S$v subscript
156 s$v subscript
157 s$" subscript
158 s$' subscript
159
160 Source A superscript - xS$^2S$v and a subscript - HS$v2S$^0.
161
162 A superscript - xS^H^2S^Hv and a subscript - HS^Hv2S^H^0.
163
164 Result A superscript - x2 and a subscript - H20.
165
166
167 Half-lines:
168 Half-lines are created by placing the letter "h" either uppercase or
169 lowercase and one of the two vertical motion characters at the point
170 where the baseline change is to occur. Alternatively, "H" for
171 half-line up or "h" for half-line down and a replicator character may
172 be used. When using half-lines, the user must remember to return to
173 the normal text baseline.
174
175 The baseline offset for half-lines is one half of the current linespace
176 value but the feature is effective only for those devices capable of
177 fractional linespacing. The constructs are,
178
179
180 H$^ half-line up
181 h$^ half-line up
182 H$" half-line up
183 H$' half-line up
184 H$v half-line down
185 h$v half-line down
186 h$" half-line down
187 h$' half-line down
188
189 Source A half-line H$vdownH$^ and H$^up.H$v
190
191 A half-line H^HvdownH^H^ and H^H^up.H^Hv
192
193 Result A half-line down and up.
194
195
196 Math symbols:
197 Multi-line math symbols are created by "stacking" the appropriate math
198 symbol construct in the same input column for the desired number of
199 lines. The constructs are given as one of the math symbol selector
200 characters below and the alphanumeric character representing the
201 desired size. The maximum symbol size is 56. The size character and
202 the number of input lines given should be the same.
203
204 Note -- It is critical that text filling be off and that alignment
205 be flush left for these constructs so that the positioning
206 of the symbol elements are maintained.
207
208 The selector characters are,
209
210
211 opening bracket
212 closing bracket
213 opening brace
214 closing brace
215 opening parenthesis
216 closing parenthesis
217 | single line Boolean OR
218 = double line concatenate
219
220 In addition, the following symbols are available as "1-high" only
221 these symbols may also be used in filled text,
222
223
224 o$1 bullet
225 /$1 division sign
226 X$1 multiplication sign
227 $1 asterisk
228 c$1 heavy vertical line change bar mark
229
230 Source 1$ 1$ 1$ 1$ $1 $1 1$| 1$= 1$o 1$/ 1$X *$1 1$c
231 one high math symbols
232
233 1^H 1^H 1^H 1^H ^H1 ^H1 1^H| 1^H= 1^Ho 1^H/ 1^HX *^H1 1^Hc one high math symbols
234
235 Result | ^H o^Hx / X * C one high math symbols
236
237
238 Source 3$ 3$ 3$ 3$ $3 $3 3$| 3$=
239 3$ 3$ 3$ 3$ $3 $3 3$| 3$= three high math symbols
240 3$ 3$ 3$ 3$ $3 $3 3$| 3$=
241
242 3^H 3^H 3^H 3^H ^H3 ^H3 3^H| 3^H=
243 3^H 3^H 3^H 3^H ^H3 ^H3 3^H| 3^H= three high math symbols
244 3^H 3^H 3^H 3^H ^H3 ^H3 3^H| 3^H=
245
246 Result | ^H
247 | ^H three high math symbols
248 | ^H
249
250
251 Diamonds:
252 Diamonds are constructed by defining their vertices with the following
253 four symbols.
254
255 ^$" top vertex
256 v$" bottom vertex
257 <$" left vertex
258 >$" right vertex
259
260 Top vertices are positioned at the BOTTOM of the symbol; left and right
261 vertices at the LEFT and RIGHT edges, respectively, of the symbols; and
262 bottom vertices at the TOP of the symbol.
263
264
265 Diamonds must always be an ODD number of lines high and the top and
266 bottom vertex symbols must appear in the same column. The left and
267 right vertex symbols must appear on the mid-way line between the top
268 and bottom symbols; must be centered on the column containing the top
269 and bottom symbols; and must be separated by the same number of columns
270 as there are lines separating the top and bottom symbols. Symbols for
271 diamond vertices may NOT appear in column 1.
272
273 The minimum diamond is one line high and one column wide and has two
274 forms as shown below. The first form has poor appearance on an ASCII
275 terminal but looks good on a plotting terminal.
276
277
278 Source "^H^ "^H<"^H>
279 "^Hv
280
281 ^?^?^?^?Result ^ <>
282 ^?^?^?^? v
283
284 The maximum diamond is limited only by the current line length and page
285 length.
286
287 Source "^H^ "^H^
288 "^H< "^H>
289 "^Hv "^H< "^H>
290
291 "^Hv
292
293
294 ^?^?^?^?Result ^ ^
295 ^?^?^?^? < > / \
296 ^?^?^?^? v < >
297 ^?^?^?^? \ /
298 ^?^?^?^? v
299
300
301 Lozenges:
302 Lozenges flattened diamonds are constructed by defining their four
303 corners and their two vertices with the following five symbols.
304
305 -$/ upper left corner
306 *$\ upper right corner
307 -$~$\ lower left corner
308 *$~$/ lower right corner
309 \$~$/ left or right vertex
310
311 The four corners are positioned at the BOTTOM of the symbols; left and
312 right corners at the LEFT and RIGHT edges, respectively, of the
313 symbols; and left and right vertices at the LEFT and RIGHT edges,
314 respectively, of the symbols.
315
316
317 Lozenges must always be an ODD number of lines high and the upper and
318 lower corners symbols must appear in the same column on either side.
319 The left and right vertex symbols must appear on the mid-way line
320 between the top and bottom symbols and must lie to the left and right,
321 respectively, of their corners the same number of columns as there are
322 lines separating them from the top and bottom symbols. Symbols for
323 lozenge corners and vertices may NOT appear in column 1.
324
325 The minimum lozenge is three lines high and three columns wide.
326
327 Source *^H-^H/^H\ superposed upper left- and right-corners
328 /^H\^H~ /^H\^H~
329 *^H-^H/^H\^H~ superposed lower left- and right-corners
330
331
332 ^?^?^?^?Result _
333 ^?^?^?^? / \
334 ^?^?^?^? \_/
335
336 The maximum lozenge is limited only by the current line length and page
337 length.
338
339 Source -^H/ *^H\ -^H/ *^H\
340 /^H\^H~ Is the /^H\^H~
341 -^H\^H~flag set?*^H/^H~
342 /^H\^H~ /^H\^H~
343 ^?^?
344 ^?^?
345 -^H\^H~ *^H/^H~
346
347
348 ^?^?^?^?Result ___________ ____
349 ^?^?^?^? / Is the \ / \
350 \__^Hf_^Hl_^Ha_^Hg__^Hs_^He_^Ht_^H?_/ / \
351 ^?^?^?^? / \
352 ^?^?^?^? \ /
353 ^?^?^?^? \ /
354 ^?^?^?^? \____/
355
356
357 Rules:
358 Typographical rules are created by giving their starting and ending
359 points with the constructs below. Rules are started by giving a rule
360 selector character and any other line art character in an artwork
361 construct and are ended by giving the appropriate terminator character
362 with any other line art character in an artwork construct.
363
364 Unterminated rules that attempt to cross either page margin result in
365 error messages. Unterminated rules that reach the end of the artwork
366 block are terminated gracefully. The rule selector and terminator
367 characters are,
368
369 - horizontal rule
370 | vertical rule
371 \ left slant rule
372
373
374 / right slant rule
375 * horizontal terminator
376 ~ vertical and slant terminator
377
378 Source ~$| v$|$~ ~$|$~ -$* -$"-$* -$" -$** -$" Some text -$*
379 -$"Some-$* <$-*$- -$">$* >$- >$*
380 More text More
381
382 | ~ ~ * "* " * " Some text *Some* -- "* - * *
383 More text More
384
385 Result | |^Hv |^H^ _ __ ___^HS_^Ho_^Hm_^He__^Ht_^He_^Hx_^Ht_ __^HS_^Ho_^Hm_^He _^H< __^H> _^H<__^H>
386 More text More
387
388
389 Circles and rounded boxes:
390 A circle may be created by giving a left and a right parenthesis, each
391 with a replicator character, in artwork constructs separated by exactly
392 one column. The separating column may be used for a single character.
393 The resulting circle is three lines high. No other circle size is
394 provided.
395
396 A rounded box may be created by opening up the space between the
397 parenthesis constructs and giving horizontal rules in the line before
398 and the line after the one containing the parentheses. The extra space
399 may be used for any text. The constructs are,
400
401 $" left semicircle
402 $" right semicircle
403
404
405 Source "$- -$*
406 "$ "$ "$H$vAH$^"$ "$ H$vboxH$^ "$
407 "$- -$*
408
409 - *
410 vA^ vbox^
411 - *
412
413 Result A box